Posts Tagged ‘reference’

27
May

Table Of Elements Wiki

   Posted by: admin    in Bedside Table Lamps



table of elements wiki

Session of low-level optimization of memory usage in the C++ programs with the total exposure

It should be clear that all methods described in this article should be used very carefully and just in the exceptional cases: usually we have to pay for all low-level optimization elements that we used by flexibility, portability, clearness or scalability of the resulted application.

But if you have exactly that specific case and have no way back – than you’re welcome.

Author:
Victor Milokum,
Team Leader of Apriorit, Network Security direction.

Table of Content

  1. The optimization of the “Concrete Factories” (variations about Pimpl idiom)
  2. The optimization by “Arena”

“In computing, optimization is the process of modifying a system to make some aspect of it work more efficiently or use fewer resources. The system may be a single computer program, a collection of computers or even an entire network such as the Internet.
Although the word “optimization” shares the same root as “optimal,” it is rare for the process of optimization to produce a truly optimal system. Often there is no “one size fits all” design which works well in all cases, so engineers make trade-offs to optimize the attributes of greatest interest.
Donald Knuth made the following statement on optimization: “We should forget about small efficiencies, say about 97% of the time: premature optimization is the root of all evil.” An alternative approach is to design first, code from the design and then profile/benchmark the resulting code to see which parts should be optimized.”

(c) wiki

The optimization of the “Concrete Factories”

I think that a lot of you repeatedly met the classic ”Factory” pattern – or “Concrete Factory” in GoF. terminology:

struct IObject
{
virtual ~IObject(){}
virtual void DoIt()=0;
};
class CFactory
{
public:
void CreateSmth(int objType, std::auto_ptr<IObject> * pResult)
{
if (iValue<0)
{
pResult->reset(new CObject1);
}
else
{
pResult->reset(new CObject2);
}
}
};

This pattern is great for avoiding endless if’s and switch’es through over the code, but it has one unpleasant disadvantage. It is concerned with excessive usage of dynamic memory that sometimes affects badly on the C++ program performance. We will try to cure this patter of it – with certain reservations of course.

Let’s follow the factory usage process again:

Action

Sense

std::auto_ptr<IObject> product;

We define some container for the production, the place where created object will be stored.

MySuperFactory.CreateSmth(1, &product);

We create an object in this container by means of the factory.

product->DoIt();

We use the object via the defined interface

mySuperContainer.Add( product );

or pass the container ownership to somebody else.

To optimize the described life cycle of the production we can use the following statements:

  • The special form of the new operator – placement new – enables to create objects in the custom “row” buffer. For example:

char buffer[1024];
new(buffer)CObject(a,b,c);

It is very useful taking into account the fact that we can allocate the buffer more effectively than the standard new implementation does. But actually the using of placement new also adds some difficulties to the developer’s life:

  • Row buffer should be aligned by the platform-dependant range;
  • The destructor of the created object should be implemented manually.
  • Stack is the great alternative for the heap. It would be tempting to use buffer on the stack as the container, i.e. to use  
    MyWrapperAroundLocalBuffer<ObjectSize, IObject> product;

    instead of the original

    std::auto_ptr<IObject> product;

    The main problem of the container on the stack creation is that it’s impossible to allocate an object of the custom (unknown while compiling) size in the standard C++.

  • But as soon as our factory is the concrete one (and not an abstract) and we know about all of its production types, we certainly will be able to know the maximal size of the object-production on the compilation stage. For example we can use the type lists:

//——————————–
// typelist basics
//——————————–
template<class Head, class Tail>
struct Node
{
};
struct NullNode
{
};

We can develop the recursive compile-time function to calculate the maximal size of the object from the types in the list:

template <class List>
struct GetMaxSize
{
};
template <class Head, class Tail>
struct GetMaxSize<Node<Head, Tail> >
{
static const size_t TailSize = GetMaxSize<Tail>::Result;
static const size_t Result = (TailSize > sizeof(Head) )
? TailSize : sizeof(Head);
};
template <>
struct GetMaxSize<NullNode>
{
static const size_t Result = 0;
};

Then we can create the list of all possible production types for the factory CFactory:

typedef utils::Node<CObject1>,
utils::Node<CObject2>,
utils::NullNode
>
> ObjectList;
static const size_t MaxObjectSize = utils::GetMaxSize<ObjectList>::Result;

As the result now we can be 100% sure that each produced object will be placed in the buffer of MaxObjectSize (if we’ve developed the type list correctly, of course):

char buffer[ MaxObjectSize ];

It can be easily allocated in the stack.

  • As far as our container should be able to store the objects of different types we have a right to expect some help from them in the form of the corresponding interface support:

struct IManageable
{
virtual ~IManageable(){}
virtual void DestroyObject(void * pObject)=0;
virtual void CreateAndSwap(void * pObject, int iMaxSize)=0;
virtual void CreateAndCopy(void * pObject, int iMaxSize)=0;
};

I.e. an object that wants to live in our container should be able to:

    • Destroy the objects of its type by the certain address;
    • Use the Create And Swap technology for passing object ownership (optional);
    • Use the Create And Copy technology for object copy creation (optional).

The structure of the container can be represented in the following scheme:

I.e. our container includes row buffer and two pointers to the different virtual bases of the object placed in the row buffer:

  • Pointer to IManageable for the management of the object life cycle;
  • Pointer to the user interface IObject which methods the factory user, in fact, wants to call.

As far as we don’t want to spend efforts on adding the support of the IManageable interface to the each production class it makes sense to develop the pattern manageable that will do it automatically:

// manageable control flags (iFlags field)
const int allow_std_swap = 1;
const int allow_copy = 2;
const int allow_all = 3;

// class manageable: wrapper, provides binary interface to manage object’s life
template<class ImplType, int iFlags>
class manageable:public IManageable, public ImplType
{
typedef manageable<ImplType, iFlags> ThisType;

virtual void DestroyObject(void * pObject)
{
((ThisType*)pObject)->~ThisType();
}
// CreateAndSwap
template<int iFlags>
void CreateAndSwapImpl(void * /*pObject*/, int /*iMaxSize*/)
{
throw std::runtime_error(“Swap method is not supported”);
}

template<>
void CreateAndSwapImpl<allow_std_swap>(void * pObject, int /*iMaxSize*/)
{
ThisType * pNewObject = new(pObject)ThisType();
pNewObject->swap(*this);
}

virtual void CreateAndSwap(void * pObject, int iMaxSize)
{
if (sizeof(ThisType)>iMaxSize)
throw std::runtime_error(“Object too large: swap method failed”);
CreateAndSwapImpl<iFlags & allow_std_swap>(pObject, iMaxSize);
}

// CreateAndCopy
template<int iFlags>
void CreateAndCopyImpl(void * /*pObject*/, int /*iMaxSize*/)
{
throw std::runtime_error(“Copy method is not supported”);
}
template<>
void CreateAndCopyImpl<allow_copy>(void * pObject, int /*iMaxSize*/)
{
new(pObject)ThisType(*this);
}

virtual void CreateAndCopy(void * pObject, int iMaxSize)
{
if (sizeof(ThisType)>iMaxSize)
throw std::runtime_error(“Object too large: copy method failed”);
CreateAndCopyImpl<iFlags & allow_copy>(pObject, iMaxSize);
}

public:
manageable()
{
}
template<class Type0>
manageable(Type0 param0)
: ImplType(param0)
{
}
};

The pattern is parameterized by object type and flags that define what methods should be supported. For example, if we specify the allow_copy flag then the compiler will require the constructor of coping from the object for the CreateAndCopy method implementation; similarly, if we specify the allow_swap flag then the CreateAndSwap function will be generated – it will be based on the method of the swap object, that we should develop ourselves.
So our optimized factory now looks as following:

class CFastConcreteFactory
{
public:
typedef utils::Node<utils::manageable<CObject1, utils::allow_copy>,
utils::Node<utils::manageable<CObject2, utils::allow_copy>,
utils::NullNode
>
> ObjectList;

static const size_t MaxObjectSize = utils::GetMaxSize<ObjectList>::Result;
typedef utils::CFastObject<MaxObjectSize, IObject> AnyObject;

void CreateSmth(int iValue, AnyObject * pResult)
{
if (iValue<0)
{
pResult->CreateByCopy(utils::manageable<CObject1,
utils::allow_copy>());
}
else
{
pResult->CreateByCopy(utils::manageable<CObject2,
utils::allow_copy>());
}
}
};

And it is as easy to use as the original one:

// usage sample
CFastConcreteFactory factory;
CFastConcreteFactory::AnyObject product;
factory.CreateSmth(-1, &product);
product->DoIt();
// copy sample
CFastConcreteFactory::AnyObject another_product;
product.Copy( &another_product );

But the functioning of our creation will be much faster (see fast_object_sample in the attachments).

All source, examples, performance and unit tests can be found in the lib
MakeItFaster in the attachments. There are also projects for VC++ 7.1 and VC++ 8.0.

See: cmnFastObjects.h, fast_object_sample

The optimization by «Arena»

The second optimization method proposed is much simpler but the scope of its application is a little bit smaller.

Let’s imagine that we have some iterative algorithm that repeats some action N times:

int mega_algorithm(int N)
{
int Count =0;
for(int i =0 ; i<N; ++i)
{
Count += DoSmth1( );
}
return Count;
}

Let’s suppose that two conditions are met:

  • Algorithm doesn’t have any side effects;
  • We can predict the maximal size of the dynamic memory allocated for an iteration (let’s name it MaxHeapUsage).

In this case we can use the “Arena” pattern for its optimization. The essence of the pattern is rather simple. For its implementation we:

    • replace the standard new/delete with our own ones;
    • register some buffer-arena pBuffer with MaxHeapUsage size before the algorithm starts and set the index pointing on the start of free space FreeIndex to 0;
    • in the new handlers we allocate memory directly in the buffer by moving FreeIndex on the allocation value. Naturally, we return ((char *) pBuffer + oldFreeIndex);
    • set FreeIndex to 0 after each iteration and so dispose all memory that iteration has allocated for its needs;
    • unregister our buffer-arena after algorithm finishes.

It’s very simple and effective. It’s also very dangerous pattern because it’s rather hard to guarantee the first condition fulfillment in the production code. But this pattern is good for calculation concerned tasks (for example in the game development).

When using STL containers the concrete instance of the arena can be referred to the container in such a way that the definition and usage of the container will be almost the same to those of the original one, for example:

typedef utils::arena_custom_map<int,int,
utils::CGrowingArena<1024> >::result Map1_type;
Map1_type map1;

for(int i = 0;i<iNumberOfElements;++i)
{
map1[i] = i+1;
}

In this example all memory for the object map1 is allocated in the extendable buffer CGrowingArena, allocated memory will be disposed in the destructor when destroying the object.

All source, examples, performance and unit tests can be found in the lib MakeItFaster in the attachments. There are also projects for VC++ 7.1 and VC++ 8.0.

See: cmnArena.h/ win32_arena_tests, win32_arena_sample

Download attachments.

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5
May

Table Number Ideas For Wedding

   Posted by: admin    in Bedside Table Lamps



table number ideas for wedding

Idea for Beach Weddings

So you have planned your ultimate dream wedding at some beautiful beach but puzzled how to make it possible and most importantly how to decorate it, beach weddings are very casual in nature there is no set rule or law to follow be it the dressing, decoration, music or anything, just follow your heart and enjoy your day, this jovial nature of beach wedding has make it so popular among couples. Here are some ideas to make your ultimate romantic wedding one of the most beautiful events of your life.

Close your eyes and visualize the beach, the picture of sand and seashell will come to your mind, the natural beauty of seashell has always mesmerize its spectator, use seashells as an decoration item for your beach wedding you can use it as beach wedding centerpiece , or use seashell inspired cake toppers and accessories for your beach wedding cakes, we are not done yet try conch shell with blue Table number cards, for wedding table number cards you can also use sage starfish table number cards it will look pretty good. Team it with colorful beach sea glass it will go well with your beach wedding.  Add some playful element in your beach wedding with parasols silk wedding hand fans. These are just few ideas there are numerous items to make your beach wedding decoration a perfectly plan and designed event.

Another important thing that bothers people most when they are planning their beach wedding is selection of , beach wedding invitations and other beach wedding stationery, finding a theme based card is not necessary but if you can have it will be better, your invitation card will set the mood of party and fun. Find a table number card, response card that suits your theme.

So what are you waiting now, just pack your bag and get ready for your ultimate beach wedding with your dear and near once.

About the Author

Beachthemeweddingshop.com offers you wide range of beach wedding items to make your beach wedding a perfect event, celebrate your momentous day in most exotic way with our unique wedding items and accessories.


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7
Mar

Table Lamp For Reading

   Posted by: admin    in Bedside Table Lamps



table lamp for reading
How can you record from a 78 rpm record?

What I need are formular for strobe discs and sugestions for pick ups, if you think you can help read on.
I have a turn Table that I can feed into my pc via the sound card or to a tape recorder. But it only runs at either 33 or 45 rpm not 78rpm as is required for the older shellac discs, I think it should be reasonably easy to replace the motor with a electric motor for a model plane and use a speed controller to set the rpm, but
1) what is the angular spacing for the lines on a strobe disc so they appear static at 78 rpm under a 50Hz lamp or whatis the formular to work this out.
2) what sort of needle and pick up cartridge will I need to play 78′s
Or 3) would I be better off electrifiying the broken wind up gramaphone I have and fitting a mic to the speaker if so where can I buy new steel needles for ir or alternativly what is the correct angle to re grind used needles or piano wire to, to make new ones?

Instead of trying to record them yourself get in touch with the British Museum’s library section. While it is well known that they receive a copy of every book published they also collect music.
They supplied me with a recording of a really obscure 78 record for a very reasonable price and they probably have copies of the 78′s you want to record that will be in better condition than your own and they can professionally record.


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27
Feb

Data Table Makers

   Posted by: admin    in Bedside Table Lamps



data table makers

Closing the gaps in enterprise data security: A model for 360˚ protection

Closing the gaps in enterprise data security: A model for 360? protection

Businesses adapt to increased mobility and expanded connectivity: Evolving data threats

Mobile computing and global networking cast a new light on data security issues as, in response, organizations reassess the technologies in use within their IT infrastructures and reconsider the ways in which staff members, customers and partners communicate. Solutions that do not provide the appropriate balance between protection and usability must be discarded in favor of solutions that effectively minimize risks of data theft or loss, achieve compliance with existing regulations and equip personnel with tools that help them work productively and securely.

The crux of the matter is simple: Business processes today rely on vastly different methods of data storage and data exchange than even a few years ago. These changes in the computing landscape make it essential that companies adopt a very different approach to security. According to the Forrester Research report, “The State Of Enterprise IT Security: 2008 To 2009,” 90% of organizations say that data security is “important” or “very important” and would get high priority in 2009.

The following sections detail three possible scenarios illustrating how these individual threats can affect the business operations, data integrity and overall security of organizations.

Scenario one: Theft of a mobile computing device

Scenario two: Losing removable media containing confidential data

Scenario three: The insider threat

Each section also provides recommendations as to how each individual threat can be minimized by using technology that is available today. The objective is to provide full 360-degree security that protects against the widest range of attack vectors.

Scenario one: Theft of mobile computing device

California-based Company A, a channel partner of a global chip manufacturer, has designed a promising media player. Product manager Sally Ortez worked closely with the chip maker to negotiate the specifics of the processor purchases, product rollout plans, marketing strategy, projected sales in various channel outlets and product road map details.

Ortez routinely kept all documents relevant to the collaboration on her notebook computer, including proprietary information under a non-disclosure agreement with the manufacturer. At a large trade show in Hong Kong, Ortez was navigating the packed aisles of vendors and technology companies with her computer bag secured by its strap over her shoulder. After she was bumped from behind, someone quickly cut the strap of the bag and grabbed it. Police efforts to locate the thief failed.

Five days later, the full specifications of the unreleased processor showed up on the Internet, along with the marketing plan for the media player and product road map. A day after that, the chip manufacturer cancelled the channel co-marketing plans with Company A and threatened legal action because of the disclosure. Ortez never recovered the lost notebook.

The mobile workforce depends on smaller, lighter and more portable computing devices to get their work done in the field. Their reliance on these computing devices heightens the importance of protecting the information on them from loss, theft or viewing by unauthorized individuals. The 2008 CSI Computer Crime and Security Survey reports that laptop theft/fraud ranks among the top three threats, with 42% of security professionals who responded citing it.

As reported by a number of different sources, theft of mobile computing equipment is all too common and—without protection—the information stored on systems is easily accessible to thieves. Even a power-on password and other forms of single-factor authentication are of little use in guarding against theft or loss.

However, encrypting the data on mobile computing devices makes it inaccessible to thieves and outsiders, and provides a level of data protection that is both prudent and responsible.

Solution: SafeGuard Enterprise

With SafeGuard Enterprise the ending to the previous scenario could have been much different. Consider this alternative ending.

Following the advice of a leading data security publication, the director of IT operations at Company A implemented a policy to perform full hard disk encryption on all company notebook computers using SafeGuard Enterprise The software deployment took place overnight. Following the initial usage, which requires a simple log-in process, employees using single sign-on (SSO) need only enter their password once to access the computer, just as they had done previously. Employees didn’t notice any difference in the behavior of their laptops.

During the Hong Kong trade show, Sally Ortez lost her notebook computer when her computer bag was snatched in a crowd. Because of the strong encryption protection on these devices, there was no potential for the disclosure of any sensitive data, and the business partnership with the chip maker continued to flourish. Company A also avoided having to notify companies and individuals about the stolen data, as is required by California SB 1386 for any losses of unencrypted data. Encryption preserved both the data privacy and a valuable business relationship to the benefit of everyone involved in this scenario.

Industry-leading encryption solutions from Sophos deliver enterprise-caliber data security, giving mobile workers the confidence and protection to travel freely without being concerned about revealing information that could damage both their company and their career.

SafeGuard Enterprise effectively protects data on mobile computing devices—including laptops and netbooks.

Scenario two: Losing removable media containing confidential data

Fabian Bredcowski worked as a technical support specialist for Company B, a thriving New England-based computer retailer, and was privy to files and information stored on the Company B servers—all of which were strongly protected by a corporate firewall and rigorous authentication and access protections.

Bredcowski took security seriously, but he was also tenacious about pursuing solutions to problems— even when away from the workplace. After dealing with one particularly vexing support question that he could not resolve over the phone, Bredcowski couldn’t get the problem out of his mind and decided to work on it at home with his home computer. At the end of the day, he hastily copied the tech support customer files to a 1GB memory stick and slipped it into a pocket in his wallet. The files included contact information and personal data about several hundred Company B customers.

On the way home, Bredcowski stopped at a local restaurant for a take-out dinner. His wallet slipped out of his pocket and fell to the ground when he got out of the car. The driver of the next car that pulled into the lot noticed the wallet, picked it up and found the memory stick inside. He pocketed both and quickly drove off.

When Bredcowski reached for his wallet to pay for his dinner, he was shocked to find it was missing. At the same instant, he realized the memory stick with private customer data was inside. Conscientiously, he reported the loss to his supervisor, who was furious that, as a matter of policy, Company B would have to notify each customer of the personal data loss—a grave reflection on the company’s handling of personal information. For this breach, Bredcowski was docked the cost of mailing the data loss announcements and demoted to a position in the shipping department. For several months after the event, the customer support personnel at Company B had to respond to a steady stream of phone and mail complaints from customers disturbed that their personal information had been treated so casually.

The increased storage capacities and evolving form factors of removable media create a new vector of possible data loss. Securing removable hard disk drives, flash memory devices, optical discs, magnetic media, memory sticks and similar media should be a top priority for security strategists within an organization.

The compact size and lightweight form factors of removable media devices make them especially prone to loss or theft. Such potential security breaches can damage customer relationships and result in financial losses for the businesses involved.

Protect sensitive data and intellectual property residing on endpoint devices: Encryption prevents unauthorized access to hard drives, flash memory cards, optical discs, memory sticks and similar media.

Solution: SafeGuard Data Exchange

The use of SafeGuard Data Exchange could have resulted in a very different ending to this story. Consider this alternative scenario. After dealing with the difficult support question that he could not resolve over the phone, Bredcowski copied the relevant files to a 1GB memory stick protected by the SafeGuard Data Exchange solution. All data being stored on the memory stick was automatically encrypted, protected by a secure password that Bredcowski previously assigned.

The loss of his wallet in the restaurant parking lot turned out to be a personal tragedy; but the driver who stole both the wallet and the memory stick had no way to access any of the data files because they were encrypted. Although Bredcowski reported the loss to his supervisor, no action was taken because the data on the memory stick was securely protected. For several months afterward, Bredcowski had to deal with fraudulent charges on his credit cards; but the good customers at Company B were protected from the potential revelation of their personal information and the company maintained its strong reputation.

SafeGuard Data Exchange provides security-to-go for all forms of removable media. As a reasonable precaution against loss or theft, this solution ensures consistent, effective protection of commonly used media storage devices in your company. To ensure that confidential information remains confidential, you can configure SafeGuard Data Exchange to prevent any sensitive data from leaving the company on a removable medium without first being encrypted. As an additional measure of protection, access to any unencrypted data stored on removable media can simply be denied.

Scenario three: The insider threat

Wendy Profolo had been working as a contract software developer since her mid-twenties, and her proficiency and integrity gained her a good deal of trust. In her new assignment for Company C, she was quickly provided network access and her manager was pleased to see her making steady progress on the coding project she had been given. What her manager did not know was that Profolo had a serious gambling problem and had become proficient at finding ways to exploit information extracted from a company server to cope with her rising gambling debts.

Within two weeks, Profolo managed to modify her access privileges, scour the network file structures to retrieve a dozen corporate credit card numbers, gather personal information about the executive board that might later prove useful, accumulate financial records that she thought might be sold to a Taiwanese competitor of Company C and steal the source code for a revolutionary new product that the company was developing. Profolo was caught one evening as she was trolling through the human resources files by one of the janitors, who was startled to see his name up on her screen and immediately reported her to her supervisor. Profolo is serving time at a minimum-security prison and, as a result of this experience, Company C currently relies on encryption to protect sensitive resources stored on corporate servers.

Threats from insiders—whether contractors working on software code, disaffected administrators acting maliciously or rogue personnel with unknown agendas—are among the most insidious data threat scenarios. The

2008 CSI Computer Crime and Security Survey reports that insider abuse ranks among the top two concerns, with 44% of the security professionals who responded citing the threat.

A comprehensive data protection strategy should address this potential risk and find techniques to mitigate it.

First, consider the range of assets that insiders theoretically can view or access, and then employ decisive measures to secure these assets against unauthorized viewing. This may include file access on internal LANs, server content that is accessible to insiders and information stored casually on workstations or notebooks physically accessible on desks and tables within a facility.

Solution: SafeGuard LAN Crypt

Before Company C hired Wendy Profolo, a savvy manager in the software engineering group procured a trial copy of SafeGuard LAN Crypt. Impressed by the capabilities of the software application, the manager purchased and installed a licensed version of the product. Following Profolo’s hiring, despite a progression of attempts to penetrate the encrypted server contents, she eventually realized that there was no possible way to access protected files and folders on the LAN.

Given this situation, Profolo was forced to confront her problem and her supervisor helped her gain admission to a 12-step gambling addiction program, which successfully brought her problem under control. Profolo has bounced back and focused her skills on application design, recently becoming a valued, full-time employee of the company.

SafeGuard LAN Crypt prevents confidential information stored on company servers from being viewed by anyone without the appropriate authorization. In any organization where insiders have potential access to the contents of servers, encryption provides an effective means of guarding sensitive information from prying eyes.

Embracing a 360° approach to data protection

As discussed throughout this paper, maintaining data privacy and confidentiality is an essential component of any data security strategy designed to contend with today’s data threats. With a suite of data security solutions based on advanced encryption technology, Sophos products directly address the three stages in the data life cycle: the endpoint or the back end (data at rest), during transmission (data in motion) and during processing (data in use). The prevailing model of the open enterprise—where mobile workers, removable media and increased networking generate new threats—requires a strategy that aligns business practices with full, comprehensive data protection.

Central management and oversight of data protection measures give organizations a means to ensure that the security policies in force are enacted consistently throughout the organization. SafeGuard solutions combine central management with the key security components to provide a unified approach to data protection—an important factor in countering data threats.

About the Author

This article was provided by Sophos and is reproduced here with their full permission. Sophos provides full data protection services including: security software, encryption software, antivirus, and malware.


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6
Feb

Table Css Properties

   Posted by: admin    in Bedside Table Lamps



table css properties

Web Development and Design in London: Using Divs Versus Using Tables

Most Web Development professionals in London have reached a crossroad in website design which will influence the way they proceed with current and future web design projects.

While there can be no argument over the benefits of CSS stylesheets in opposition to inline styling, there is still a great deal of controversy over the adoption of new web site design layout.

On the one hand we have the tried and trusted method of Web page creation using Tables and on the other we have the contemporary method of using DIV’s. The core problem is which method to use? Which method is better?

Web Development purists in London will argue for complete and full adoption of W3C (World Wide Web Consortium) CSS (Cascading Style Sheets), which means only using DIV tags to build and layout your website pages. There are a few major points they use to back up their argument, most of which surround and support SEO (Search Engine Optimisation).

The Benefits of using DIV’s

•The DIV tags original purpose is for the design and layout of website content.

•Using DIV’s means less code needed to construct a webpage, which means less code for a search bot to navigate through. This means quicker and more comprehensive indexing of your website. “Content is King” for search bots. •Because of the “Top down” method in which data is displayed in the website page, search engines are able to search and rank the importance of your content on your webpage.

But the ideas of the Web Development London are being challenged by industry professionals who claim that DIV layouts are simply not robust enough. Their major arguments for using Tables focus around Web browser compatibility.

The Benefits of using Tables

•The Table tag and its properties are universal across most if not all web browsers, meaning less technical “work-arounds” to make your design display properly. This means more time is spent on improving designs than trying to make designs simply display correctly.

•Table layouts allow the designer a level of measurement and accuracy which is difficult to obtain with a full DIV implementation.

•Tables make creating a visually intensive design easier. Why? Because what you see is what you get (WYSIWYG) as Tables set out content in a manner that is visually logical to the human eye.

So, back to the question, which method to use and which method is better?

Each website design or web development project should be evaluated for its needs and purposes before building can begin. You have to ask yourself what is most important for this site.

Most website builds have one major focus. This focus is either economic, informative or visually extravagant. All good websites contain elements of all three but tend to put emphasis on one of these areas.

Economic Focus

Economically driven websites focus heavily on driving traffic to their website in order to sell goods. These sites need great SEO (Search Engine Optimisation) and tend to use the latest technologies to give them the edge. In this case using DIV tags for structure would increase the overall SEO London of this site and could potentially offer a better solution than a Table layout.

Information Focus

Informative sites tend to have a great deal of content which is usually dynamic and populated from an integrated CMS (Content Management System). Your template needs to be malleable enough to expand with changing content. In this case using a combination of Tables and DIV’s is not a bad solution. Using Tables to setup a strong outer structure which will be cross browser compatible and using DIV tags within the Table structure to minimize the “code clutter” and give the site a little boost in SEO.

Visually Extravagant Focus

Everyone’s favorite kind of website. This type of website focuses on the visual impact on the user. Sites like these can be very intricate and building a website that doesn’t compromise the original design is vital. This style of website also needs to look good in all browsers. Using Tables would be the best approach for intricate designs because of its robust nature, browser compatibility and its ability to be precise.

In all three of the above cases there are a hundred counter arguments for using only DIV’s or only Tables. But before you tear your hair out over which method to use, remember that what this all boils down to is what is best for the client. As a website designer and builder your responsibility is to produce a website that fulfils their needs on time and on budget to the best of your abilities.

No one ever said there couldn’t be a compromise between Tables and DIV’s.

About the Author

Robert London is an employee at Lilo, a Web Development and Design company based in London. Lilo also specialises in Web Development London, Website Design and Branding, E-marketing, E-commerce, and Multimedia, Web Applications as well as SEO London. Lilo has offices in Blooms bury, London, Cape Town South Africa and Melbourne Australia.


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25
Dec

Table Border Style Solid

   Posted by: admin    in Bedside Table Lamps



table border style solid

Use a Nest of Tables When Space is at a Premium

Use a nest of tables when space is at a premium, particularly when talking about the environment present in a studio apartment or whenever there’s a need — such as during special occasions — for more tables. These particular kinds of tables, as a matter of fact, are versatile little units that can stack one on top of the other. They come in styles and prices sure to fit just about any price point.

When it comes to prices, most experts don’t recommend going below $70 for these sets. Also, there are Table sets out there that can run as much as $900, though they are generally very finely made and the people that buy them have a lot of money and a lot of space in which to set them out. Usually, very nice sets can be purchased for about $400, and they’ll be of high quality, too.

Those $400 sets are normally made of fine woods such as mahogany or maple or cherry wood, and will feature nice veneers and borders. In fact, just about any set of tables between the $70 and $900 range will be, at minimum, well-made and will come in a large selection of styles. Many people who buy a nest of tables are looking for more traditional appearances, though others prize modernism instead.

Those modern looking tables, though, tend to be somewhat longer in size than the traditional ones, so make sure that whatever space they are going to be stored in will be able to accommodate the tables. Such a space will need to be appropriately sized, and if it isn’t, just keep looking for a different set because there are certainly units out there that will fill the bill.

If it’s the case that space is really tight, the best and most functional tables usually start in the 2′ x 2′ range and go up to 3′ x 3′. That’s for a set of three, with the middle table being 2. 5′ x 2. 5′ in dimension. They will be squared off and able to stack nicely and then put away. When they’re needed, it’s just a matter of pulling them out and then setting them around the apartment.

Tables of this sort are generally popular with those who are living in smallish apartments such as studios or the like or for those people who might need more tables but don’t want those tables out and about in the area when they’re not needed. Think of having a small dinner party and needing more tables as an example. Quality sets of this sort start at less than $100, for those who are concerned about budget.

When it comes to quality, one should consider that it is the equal of price in terms of a nest of tables. This is because poor quality tables — meaning those that usually start for less than $50 — don’t usually stand up to the rigors of stacking and storing for very long. They also tend to be poorly constructed. That’s why it’s a good idea to go for not only price but quality.

It’s a good idea to use a nest of tables when space is at a premium, such as in a limited home environment or when additional tables are needed for entertaining. They can make for a solid addition to just about any living space, and they can be stacked and then put away and brought back out whenever needed. Never sacrifice quality for price when it comes to these kinds of tables, though.

About the Author

Annie is an expert furniture and interior design writer. Her current area of specialism is
kitchen sale
,
bedroom sale
and
table sale


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24
Nov

Table Of Contents Examples Doc

   Posted by: admin    in Bedside Table Lamps



table of contents examples doc

DDLC – Document Development Life Cycle

So far you have been acquainted with SDLC-Software Development Life Cycle, the cyclic process in Software Engineering  that sets an order for the work flow, but today, another kid has born on the block—DDLC. DDLC stands for Document Development Life Cycle, surprised! I’m sure you must have thought Database instead of Document but the Document is absolutely right here.

Today words have become everything and until something is communicated in an emphatic manner, no one has time to hear what you have developed. So companies have finally rose to uplift the most ignored part of software Development Life cycle, documentation as an important, in fact very important aspect. This has given way to Technical writers not just breather but a respected job at work. Earlier most of the Tech-Writers used to work on contract basis or as a freelancer. But now, scene has changed and the writers are not only being paid highly but also getting all due importance. So in this article, let’s see what are the phases a technical writer goes through to create a document?

  • Requirement Analysis
  • Designing
  • Developing
  • Testing
  • Publishing
  • Maintaining

Requirement Analysis –This is the initial stage where the technical writer gathers all the requisite stuff and then analyses the actual requirement. The available matter must be properly mapped with the requirement so that right from the start, flow moves in right direction and each passing hour can be counted towards completion of the task.

The writer meets the Subject Matter Experts (SMEs) and coders of the application several times to gain the understanding of scope of software and main features. Most of the writers believe that one meeting should be enough, but I think that every time you meet the experts, more functionality of the application gets unfolded. Simply because, initially only user level functions are told, then slowly in further meetings, developer reveals the way each component functions. The depth knowledge of the environment, end users, and related functionality helps writer understand the project well. And well understood project can be document in best way.

Here only interviewing the experts is not sufficed, the writer must use the software to gain the details of functionality. The entire analysis should be noted down in legible format. This will later be very handy and while documenting, no more rounds of SMEs or developers would be needed.

Designing – This phase is very important as it creates the skeleton for the document. Right from the cover page to summary to Table of Content (TOC) to actual text to glossary to Index, here a design is created. For example, if you are using Microsoft Word 2007, then you just need to place the skeletons of TOC and Index. Later as you keep writing, these tables get updated provided you click update option.

In the design phase, you have all the structure ready and only the content is missing. Once you are ready with design, a rough view of document’s shape starts emerging.

Developing – This phase is the actual writing phase. If you were writing a rough document, you would have started from this phase and ended here only. Here actual text is written and if TOC and Index is being maintained, the titles, book marks, references are established along with writing. Writing also means placing tables, images, titles, notes, detailed elaboration etc.

The development phase although enjoys the central place, still it shines when associated and mapped with rest of the phases exactly as planned.

Testing – As the title implies, this phase comes after you have written the document and have updated all the tables including TOC and Index. Clicking a particular heading in the TOC must take the control to connected page. Further links and hyperlinks should be well connected and checked. Apart from these tests, grammatical check, punctuation check, and regular flow of sentences, and sensible phrases, are natural test elements.

Remember, if a link does not work properly, you can be reprieved, but as a technical writer, any grammatical error or flaw in the flow of sentence cannot be taken lightly by any means.

The document for software normally follows a style guide which tells how a title should be written or paragraphs should be framed. So the used of style guide must be adhered by heart.

Once tested for aforementioned regulations, a document is sent to the SMEs and Software coders who then read the document between the lines to confirm that what is written is exactly what happens. Any problem reported is communicated to writer who then ensures the veracity of words.

Publishing – Once all the text is well framed, managed, and proof read, it is ready for publishing. If the document is going to be published outside the company, it’s suggested to take a printout of the document and see how it will look after printing. As once the printing is done at big level, any change will cost too much and also will affect your reputation as a technical writer because the writer is not just responsible for creating docs but also for the proper formatting. The writer must ensure that the document is apt for reading and suits the eyes of reader. Font selection, size choice, and usage of brightness in pictures are few points that can turn an odd looking document into a masterpiece.

Maintenance – As usual, this is the longest and perhaps never ending phase. It includes addition, deletion, and update of the document. If more features are added to the software, they must be added in a highlighting manner so that existing readers can directly pay attention to the newly added stuff.

In case if the authoring tool has been upgraded, the writer must learn new features and incorporate them into existing document and so on.

The aforementioned phases have always been followed but in an unknowingly manner. Now we have an idea, why not stick to the phases and ensure that the output is absolutely wonderful and professional.

Prashant Shrivastava

About the Author

I’m a software engineer and a freelance writer.
I own few websites:
www.friendstime.com
www.india16.com


Real-Time Systems


Real-Time Systems


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This valuable reference provides a comprehensive treatment of the technology known as RMA (rate-monotonic analysis) method. It also covers the tremendous recent advances in real-time operating systems and communications networks—emphasizing research results that have been adopted in state-of-the-art systems. Describing how and discussing why, this book uses insightful illustrative examples to c…

Programming with Quartz: 2D and PDF Graphics in Mac OS X (The Morgan Kaufmann Series in Computer Graphics)


Programming with Quartz: 2D and PDF Graphics in Mac OS X (The Morgan Kaufmann Series in Computer Graphics)


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Written by members of the development team at Apple, Programming with Quartz is the first book to describe the sophisticated graphics system of Mac OS X. By using the methods described in this book, developers will be able to fully exploit the state-of-the-art graphics capabilities of Mac OS X in their applications, whether for Cocoa or Carbon development. This book also serves as an introduction …


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12
Nov

Table

   Posted by: admin    in Ceramic Table Lamps



table

Awesome Tips For Enthusiastic Table Tennis Players

Table tennis is surely one of the most popular world class games. The main features involved in this game are instantaneous reaction to strike the ball. Next is of course the perfect and accurate placement of the ball such that the opponent finds difficult to hit it back. The view of this wonderful game has created an impression that it will be easy and simple to learn as well as play. It just for a reason that the table is too small and the paddles seems to be light weighted. This kind of impression will end up contradictory of once you face the game. The players who face this game for the first time, it will be surely a difficult task to deal with. The Table-Tennis game at first was just played for a light entertainment without taking it as serious as a competition. It was originated with a name called ping pong. Europe is the place where these games were played for the first time for a great entertainment.

Though you are a true ping pong fan and have noticed its every single tip still you will face the difficulty to play it. It was in the year 1988; this sport was also included as an Olympic sport due to its increasing popularity. The main reason for its increasing popularity is that the mental sharpness that you require to play this game. Ping Pong instructional DVD is more than enough for you to learn all the latest developed strategies and tips. All kinds of information regarding table tennis are already updated in various websites of internet. It hosts numerous table tennis instructional videos to learn all kinds of loops and smashes. The table tennis DVDs are also a good option to go with if you are really interested in learning this fantastic game. The DVD table tennis is a single DVD which involves all the master skills of great table tennis experts.

The game table tennis has surely made a huge progress in the sports field. The main reason for this mind success is many people who worked for it thinking that it s their only career. In this matter, we can find many big celebrities including Jan Ove Waldner. He is a single Swedish man who was truly successful in lifting this game towards the world levels. The Jan Ove Waldner DVD is a single which will let you know how important and great his contribution for table tennis is. A single of this table tennis DVD will make you much familiar with this wonderful game. There are also many books which are available in all local markets for teaching you the guidelines and strategies regarding this game. They are the most preferred option since they within the budget as well as more effective. All that you have to do for becoming master table tennis is to buy this fantastic table tennis DVDs which forms you a homely coach. Remember it not only teaches the game but also improves the capability fast mental decision making and mind body coordination

About the Author

Table Tennis Master provides several training methods, articles, tips and news about Table Tennis. To master the skills of table tennis logon to http://www.tabletennismaster.com


Keurig 5071 K-Cup Carousel Tower


Keurig 5071 K-Cup Carousel Tower


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Here’s the perfect way to store and organize your K-cups and have them ready whenever you’re ready fo a delicious, hot beverage. This counter piece features a lazy-susan base for simple rotation and the black and grey design suits most kitchen styles. The Keurig 5071 K-Cup Carousel Tower is a perfect accessory for owners of Keurig K-Cup coffee machines.
Coffee K-Cups are not included in the tower….

Pyrex 6022369 Storage 14-Piece Round Set, Clear with Blue Lids


Pyrex 6022369 Storage 14-Piece Round Set, Clear with Blue Lids


$19.50


Eliminate the guesswork about what’s lurking in your fridge with these convenient glass storage units by Pyrex. It’s a scientific fact that leftovers are far less likely to be eaten if they languish hidden. By the time someone decides to take a peek, well, let’s just say it can be unnerving. Glass gives you the advantage of being able to store and reheat in the same container, and it doesn’t disco…

Breville BOV800XL The Smart Oven 1800-Watt Convection Toaster Oven with Element IQ


Breville BOV800XL The Smart Oven 1800-Watt Convection Toaster Oven with Element IQ


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The selectable convection heat helps make this oven smarter than ever%2E One major problem when roasting or baking in a compact electric oven is evenly distributing heat where needed for consistent food coverage%2E…

Baby Einstein: Lullaby Classics


Baby Einstein: Lullaby Classics


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Glee: The Music, Volume 6


Glee: The Music, Volume 6


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VARIOS INTERPRETES GLEE: THE MUSIC, VOLUMEN 6…


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17
Oct

Table Of Contents Examples Apa

   Posted by: admin    in Bedside Table Lamps



table of contents examples apa

MLA Paper Format : What Pages Do I Need With My MLA Style Paper?

Unlike some other formal styles for writing scholarly papers, MLA Style does not specify a large number of specific pages that you must include in your paper. APA Style, for example, requires a title page, an abstract page, and a Table of contents, among several other types of optional pages. MLA Style, however, does not even require a title page.

I will discuss optional pages you can use in your MLA Style paper in this article, along with some methods you can use to format your paper in MLA Style.

1) TITLE PAGE. MLA Style makes a title page an optional choice for the writer. If you decide to use a title page, center the text. The title page may contain the title, author’s name, mailing address, e-mail address, and contact telephone numbers. Some instructors will require you to include the name of the faculty advisor, the date of submission, and the members of the committee that will accept the work. With MLA Style, a separate title page is not numbered. If you’re writing an extremely formal paper, such as a thesis or dissertation, you almost certainly should include a separate title page, unless your instructor specifies differently. If you include the title on the first page of the main text, you should number it, but this format is limited to a less formal paper.

2) APPROVAL PAGE. The approval page, which contains all signatures of approval from members of the thesis approval committee, is optional.

3) ABSTRACT PAGE. The abstract page, which is a short summary of the purpose of the paper, is optional.

4) BIOGRAPHY PAGE. The biography page, which provides a short description of the author and his or her accomplishments, is optional.

5) DEDICATION PAGE. The dedication page, which allows the author to dedicate the thesis to a person or multiple people who helped with the paper, is optional.

6) EPIGRAPH PAGE. The epigraph page, which may contain a poem or quotation, is optional.

7) TABLE OF CONTENTS PAGE. If the paper is long enough to have sections, you may include a table of contents page.

8) LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS AND TABLES. This page, if applicable, lists all of the illustrations and tables you used in the paper, sorted by the pages on which they appear.

9) PREFACE. The preface, which is an optional page, may introduce the paper by discussing a related idea that doesn’t quite fit within the parameters of the main text.

10) MAIN TEXT. With the main text, simply select a readable font, usually Times New Roman at 12 points. Double space throughout the main text, and indent all paragraphs by one-half inch.

MLA Style does not require headings, chapters, or any other method for breaking up the main text. MLA Style also does not prohibit any methods for breaking up the text, however. If your instructor doesn’t specify a method for breaking up the text, you can use a few different optional methods. If you choose to use chapters, you can use the following methods for breaking up the text within the chapters.

You can use an extra blank line to separate ideas. Just hit the Enter key an additional time after completing a paragraph. Keep in mind, though, that this method might be ineffective if the blank line occurs at the end of a printed page. Some writers combat this problem by typing three asterisks, centered on the page, in place of the blank line. Others actually type “[blank line]” flush left in place of the blank line.

You may use headings to break up the text and organize similar ideas. MLA Style prefers using an Arabic number with each heading. You also should type each heading flush left with no extra blank lines before or after the heading. For example:

1. Economic Growth 2006

2. Economic Growth 2007

3. Economic Growth 2008

Finally, you may simply use an Arabic number to signify related ideas in the text. Just type “1″ centered on a blank line before the first idea, “2″ centered before the second idea, and so on.

11) ENDNOTES. If you choose to list endnotes, you need to use a separate page immediately following the main text. An endnotes page is optional in MLA Style.

12) WORKS CITED. The Works Cited page in MLA Style is a list of all sources you referenced in the main text. The listing of all sources requires you to follow a specific set of rules.

13) GLOSSARY. The glossary page, which is a list of all confusing and unusual terms used in the text, along with definitions, is optional.

14) INDEX. If you choose to include an optional index page, it will list the various proper nouns and ideas that you’ve included throughout the main text, listed alphabetically and linked to the page numbers on which the items appear.

About the Author

Brian Scott is a professional freelance writer with over a decade of experience. He recommends using an
MLA writing software
to correctly write and
format papers in MLA Style
, available at
http://www.masterfreelancer.com/mla-writing-style-software.php


Research Design: Qualitative, Quantitative, and Mixed Methods Approaches


Research Design: Qualitative, Quantitative, and Mixed Methods Approaches


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Physical Examination and Health Assessment, 6e (Jarvis, Physical Examination and Health Assessment)


Physical Examination and Health Assessment, 6e (Jarvis, Physical Examination and Health Assessment)


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With an easy-to-read approach and unmatched learning support, Physical Examination & Health Assessment, 6th Edition offers a clear, logical, and holistic approach to physical exam across the lifespan. Detailed illustrations, summary checklists, and new learning resources ensure that you learn all the skills you need to know. This gold standard in physical exam reflects what is going on in nursing …

Interplay: The Process of Interpersonal Communication


Interplay: The Process of Interpersonal Communication


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Now in its eleventh edition, Interplay: The Process of Interpersonal Communication provides a comprehensive and engaging introduction to communication in interpersonal relationships. Blending topics of high student interest with rich pedagogy and an inviting visual format, this leading text shows how scholarship and research can help students understand their own relationships and communicate bett…


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14
Oct

Table Lamp Guide

   Posted by: admin    in Bedside Table Lamps



table lamp guide
I have a rawhide shade and rustic lighting factory in Peru & want to find an ebay consultant to set me on ebay

I have in stock 1000s of rawhide chandelier shades in 4 styles and hundreds of stock Table and floor lamp rawhide shades in stock in a warehouse in Florida. I’m looking at putting everything up on ebay to boom sales and want to find an experienced consultant to guide me in doing so.

Get into yellow pages in the country of your choice. If in USA, Canada, and other European countries, yellow pages are noticed.
Also, go to Yahoo search or Google search and search for light dealers. There you will get plenty and more light companies and send them emails immediately. Good luck. My commission is 5% of each deal. I will tell you how to credit this to my account !!!


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